TsAGI ANT-31 / I-14

In 1932 Sukhoi was responsible for the design of a single-seat low-wing cantilever monoplane fighter, incorporating an enclosed cockpit and retractable undercarriage.  This aircraft, the ANT-31 or I-14, flew in October 1933, and series production of an improved version, the I-14bis which first flew on 14 February 1934, was ordered but cancelled two years later when it was found impossible to eradicate some of the fighter’s shortcomings.