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Fouga CM.8 Castel-Mauboussin CM.8
The CM.8 was a 1942 Castel-Mauboussin project 1-seat wooden gull-wing acrobatic glider, 13.5 m span Turbomeca designed and built after the end of World War Two the Pimene turbojet which was rated at 242 lbst (110kgst). This design was successfully flown on July 14, 1949 in a Fouga Cyclone powered glider. The experience so gained enabled Turbomeca to put into production a family of small gas turbine engines which included the Palas of 160kgst (353 lbst), the Marbore of 300kgst (660 lbst) and the Marbore II of 400kgst (880 lbst). Experience with CM.8-R.9 Cyclipe and with the Gemeaux led to development of the CM.170R Magister jet trainer, first flown 23 July 1952 and subsequently built in quantity for French Air Force and overseas customers.
The C.M. 8R-13 Cyclone is a jet-powered version of C.M. 8-13 Sailplane. The C.M. 8R-13 had been intended to serve as a test-bed for the Turboméca Piméné light axial-flow turbo-jet engine which has a maximum static thrust of 100 kg. (220 lb.). On July. 14, 1949, Fouga chief test pilot Léon Bourriau flew the first flight of the Fouga CM8 R13, which was named Cyclone.
 Fouga CM8 R13 - Cyclone [Sylphe I]
Only 2 CM8 R13 Cyclone (Sylphe I) were built. They appeared on the French civil register as : F-WFOI [later F-BFOI] and F-WFOJ [later F-BFOJ]. The Turbomeca turbojet, which weighs 64 Kg (141 lb) fully equiped, was mounted above the fuselage just after the pilot's cockpit. Tha aircraft has the "butter-fly" tail fitted to the CM8-15 sailplane.
 Fouga Cyclone N°1 (Sylphe I), F-WFOI
The wings were mid-wing cantilever monoplane. NACA 230 wing section. Aspect ratio 13. Single-spare all-wood stressed-skin structure. Metal framed, fabric-covered slotted flaps and slotted ailerons. Retractable air-brakes in upper and lower wing surfaces.
An oval wood monocoque fuselage structure. The tail unit was a "butterfly type". Fixed surfaces all-wood, movable surfaces all-metal. Area fixed surface 1,35 m² (14.52 sq. ft.), Area movable surfaces 1,09 m² (11.73 sq. ft.). Landing gear was a fixed single-track type.
The CM8 R9,8 Cyclope I is a single-seat training and aerobatic version of the Sylphe, from which it differs by having wings of reduced span and area, a single track landing gear with twin main wheel (later replaced by a single one) and retractable wing-tip skids. The turbojet engine remain a Turbomeca Pimene. Fouga CM8 R 9.8 Cyclope was flow by Leon Bourriau 31 August 1950.
 Fouga CM8 R9,8 - Cyclope I
Five month later, on 3 January 1951, The Cyclope successfuly flown with a Turbomeca Palas (160 Kp version).
The CM8 R13 - Sylphe II can be considered an evolution of the Cyclone [Sylph I] prototype [F-WFOI / F-BFOI] which has been specially modified. The little dolly always present (the nose wheel not making its appearance with the Sylph III), the cockpit with a canopy with closed side, and Pimen having a much lower position make it a very different.
The Sylph III is a direct result of an evolution of cylcone [Sylph] Sylph in II. It is, like its predecessors, a single-seater glider with auxiliary engine. The first flew on January 2, 1952.
 Fouga CM8 R13 - Sylphe III
The Sylph III led to the deletion of the small wheel, a single wheel nose.
The most significant change for performance was the Turbomeca Pimene, which is more powerful than previous versions installed on the Sylph or cyclone version as delivering more than 100 kgf.
The wing is NACA 23014 to the root, at the end 23012. A mid-wing cantilever monoplane, monolongeron-skin, entirely from wood. The fins are slotted alloy and stretched canvas, and flaps trailing edge slot, alloy and stretched canvas. The V-tail is fixed plan wood, coated with plywood.
Moving parts are light-alloy coated sheet. The undercarriage is a monotrack fixed type, with steerable front wheel, combined with auxiliary rudder and rear skid.
Fouga demonstrated the CM 8 R 13 Sylph I in France and then in Miami in January 1950, flown by Fred Nicole. In May 1950, the piston engines manufacturer, Wright, sent a letter to Aire sur Adour requesting that the CM 8 R 13 name be changed from "Cyclone", which was assigned to one of their world famous engines. M Mauboussin accepted and give "Sylph" in CM8 R 13. A number of changes were implemented summers, especially the integrated front runner on No. 1 was instead attached to the front runner, and in the case of No. 2, the engine cowling was evolved. Variants: CM.8R: Turbomeca Piméné-powered vers., 13m span with V-tail, aka CM.8R13
Fouga CM8 R13 - Cyclone [Sylphe I]
Engine: One Turbomeca Pimene turbojet: 100 kg / 220 lb. St
Span: 13,00 m (42 ft.7,5 in).
Gross wing area: 13 m² (140 sq. ft.)
Length: 6,70 m (21 ft.11 in.)
Height: 1,85 m (6 ft.1 in.)
Weight empty 435 Kg (958lb.)
Pilot weight: 88 Kg / 194 lb
Fuel and oil: 110 Kg (242 lb.)
Weight loaded: 633 Kg (1394 lb.)
Max speed at sea level: 240 Km/h (149 mph)
Max speed at 3500 m: 250 Km/h (155 mph)
Max Speed with AB: 150 Km/h / 93 mph
Max. speed at sea level: 149 mph.
Max. speed at 11,500 ft: 155 mph.
Initial rate of climb: 790 ft./min.
Climb to 1200 ft: 1 min. 45 sec.
Climb to 11,500 ft: 18 min.
Climb to ceiling: 1 hr.
Service ceiling: 27,225 ft.
Max. range at 13,000 ft: 186 miles
Take-off run to 66 ft: 460 yards
Fouga CM8 R9,8 - Cyclope I
Engine: One Turbomeca Pimene turbojet: 100 kg / 220 lb. St
Span: 8,76 m (28 ft.9 in.)
Length: 6,66 m (21 ft.10 in.)
Wing area: 9,80 m²
Weight empty: 394 kg (867 lb.)
Fuel and oil: 77 kg (170 lb.)
Weight loaded: 554 kg (1,220 lb.)
Wing loading: 56,5 Kg/m² (11.58 lb./sq.ft)
Max speed at sea level): 280 km/h / 174 mph
Max speed at 13120 ft: 300 km/h / 186 mph
Initial rate of climb: 288 m/min / 945 ft/min
Climb to 1180 ft: 1 min 30 sec
Service ceiling: 8 500m / 27,880 ft
Take-off distance (66 ft): 460 m / 503 yards
Range at 13120 ft: 280 km / 150 miles
Fouga CM8 R13 - Sylphe III
Engine: Turbomeca Pimene
Wingspan: 13,00 m
Length: 6.70 m
Height: 1.85 m
Wing area: 13,00 m²
Empty weight: 435 kg
MAUW: 633 kg
Max cruise speed: 300 km / h
Cruise speed: 100-150 km / h
Fuel: Kerosene
Fuel capacity: 2 x 40 lt in wing, one 50 lt central fuselage tank
 Fouga CM8 R13 - Cyclone [Sylphe I]
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